9下 Unit 4 重要知识点讲解牛津译林版九年级英语下册
Unit 4 Life on Mars
重要知识点讲解
Welcome to the unit一、重点表达私人文件 private papers 被熨烫平整 be smoothly ironed让……感到满意 be satisfied with免费 for free……的价格 the price of请人检查某物 have sth. checked给某人接通电话 put sb. through一封投诉信a complaint letter最多 at most后悔做了某事 regret doing sth.接受我们的新产品 accept our new product达到标准 up to standard首先 first of all让它试一试 first of all期待做某事 look forward to doing sth.
Reading一、重点表达all over again 再一次at a/the speed of 以……的速度in the form of 以……的形式compare with 与……比It is hoped that… 人们希望Here is what life there could be like. 这就是那里的生活。Our spacecraft are too slow to carry…我们的飞船太慢了而不能……Robots would do most of their work so that… 机器人会做大部分的工作，以便……air tank 氧气罐dried food 干粮power pack 电源包sleeping bag 睡袋(all) over again 再；重新all a/the speed of 以……的速度in the form of 以……的形式compare to/with 与……相比二、Our own planet, the Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted.我们自己的星球——地球，正变得越来越拥挤和污染。[点拨]more and more crowded 越来越拥挤more, most 放在多音节形容词、副词前面，帮助构成比较级和最高级。如：more beautiful, most slowly这里，more and more 用来加强程度，表示越来越怎么样。相当于：more crowded and more crowded；而短形容词则这样构成：bigger and bigger 三、At present, our spacecraft are too slow to carry large numbers of passengers to Mars.目前，我们的宇宙飞船太慢了，无法运送大批的乘客去火星。[点拨]1.Large numbers of 表示“大量的”= a large number of = many，修饰可数名词，做主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。Large numbers of people go travelling during the National Day holiday.the number of ……的数目The number of the population of china is 1.3 million.2....too +adj.+ to do = ... so ... that ...can’t ...= ... adj. +enough to do ...Sandy 太小了而不能去上学。Sandy is too young to go to school.Sandy is so young that she can’t go to school.Sandy is not old enough to go to school.四、With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might only y take about 20 minutes in spacecraft that travel at the speed of light!随着技术的发展，到2100年，乘坐以光速飞行的宇宙飞船，行程或许只要大约20分钟！[点拨]1.介词with短语，在句中常用作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、伴随、方式等。I was second in the race with a time of 14.2 seconds.我以14.2秒的成绩在比赛中位列第二。2.at the speed of 以……的速度at high speed 高速at full speed 全速五、The gravity on Mars is only about three-eighths of that on Earth.火星上的重力只有地球的八分之三。[点拨]Three-eighths 八分之三分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母。如：one-tenth 十分之一a third 三分之一[注意]1）分子除用one外，也可用a，如果分子大于1，分母要用复数形式。two thirds 三分之二four fifths 五分之四2）1/2不能说a (one) second, 而要说 a (one) half。1/4和3/4可以说 a (one) fourth 和 three fourths, 但常用a quarter 和 three quarters表示。六、Life on Mars would be better in some ways.火星上的生命在某些方面会更好。[点拨]in some ways; 某些方面in many ways; 很多方面by the way 顺带一提
Grammar一、状语从句和简单句之间的转换我们可以用介词短语把状语从句转换为简单句。1. because 引导的原因状语从句用短语because of可转换成简单句。He was late for school because it rained heavily. He was late for school because of the heavy rain.2. if not/no引导的条件状语从句可借助without短语转化为简单句。Humans cannot survive if there is no food, water or oxygen. Humans cannot survive without food, water or oxygen.3. 时间状语从句可借助介词短语转化为简单句。I could swim when I was eight years old. I could swim at the age of eight.4. so that引导的目的状语从句可用“in order to”或“so as to”转换为简单句。He decided to buy a camera online so that she could receive it soon. He decided to buy a camera online in order to/ so as to receive it soon.5. so…that…引导的结果状语从句的可用“…enough to do” 结构变成简单句。This hall is so large that it can hold 2000 people. This hall is large enough to hold 2000 people.二、宾语从句和简单句之间的转换我们可以用介词把状语从句转换为简单句。The photos remind me that I traveled to the UK five years ago.The photos remind me of my trip to the UK five years ago.[注意]常用的一些动词和介词的搭配有：Remind somebody of…. 使某人想起…….Be sure/certain about … 对……确信三、定语从句和简单句之间的转换我们可以用介词把定语从句转换为简单句。The girl who is in a hat is Lucy King.The girl in a hat is Lucy King.I prefer to stay in a hotel room which has a sea view.I prefer to stay in a hotel room with a sea view.
Integrated Skills一、重点表达carry out 开展，执行percentage of students学生的比例move away from the earth 搬离地球worry about担心，担忧be afraid of aliens 害怕外星人be worth the risk 值得冒险after all 毕竟，终究a different kind of life 一种不同的生活
Task一、重点表达float in the air 飘在空中no air pollution 每天空气污染online games 在线游戏prefer to do 更喜欢做……public transport system 公共交通系统
